Minimally Invasive Bypass
What Is Minimally Invasive Bypass?
Coronary bypass surgery with a small incision is performed through a 5–6 cm incision made approximately 1 cm above the breast level, without cutting the bone in the chest. The surgeon accesses the area between the ribs to bypass the blockage in the coronary artery using a second vessel (bypass). Patients benefit greatly from this method in terms of recovery. The surgical scar is small and barely noticeable from the outside. Additionally, patients are not required to lie on their backs during recovery and can comfortably turn to the right or left. Another advantage of this method is minimal bleeding. Most patients report that they do not experience severe pain. However, not every patient is suitable for this small-incision surgery; whether it is technically possible will be determined by a cardiovascular surgeon after examination.
What Is the Recovery Process After Minimally Invasive Coronary Bypass Surgery?
Patients who undergo coronary bypass surgery using the small incision method typically recover within approximately 3 weeks, provided there are no complications. This technique can reduce intensive care unit stay to just one day. It is preferred especially for patients who want to return to work quickly. Compared to traditional surgery, the small incision method shortens the healing process and minimizes the risk of infection in the breastbone. The freedom of sleeping positions boosts the patient’s morale during recovery and contributes to better sleep quality. Depending on the individual, patients can return to work and daily life in a shorter period after surgery with this technique.
How Is Minimally Invasive Bypass Performed?
In the traditional method, the breastbone is fully opened, whereas in the minimally invasive method, the surgeon:
Makes a 5–7 cm incision on the left side of the chest.
Views the heart through this opening using an endoscopic camera or specialized surgical instruments.
Uses the internal mammary artery (LIMA) from the chest wall for the bypass
Performs the necessary anastomosis (connection) through this small opening.
This procedure can be done without stopping the heart, allowing it to continue beating normally.
What Are the Advantages of Minimally Invasive Bypass?
The advantages offered by this modern surgical technique are as follows:
Less traumatic since the breastbone is not completely cut
Reduced bleeding and lower risk of infection
Less postoperative pain
More aesthetically pleasing cosmetic results
Shorter hospital stay
Faster return to daily life
Who Is Suitable for Minimally Invasive Bypass?
This method may not be suitable for every patient. Suitability should be assessed by the surgeon. It is generally preferred for patients with the following criteria:
Narrowing in one or two coronary arteries
No need for heart valve surgery
Patients who are not excessively overweight and have suitable chest anatomy
Patients who have not undergone previous heart surgery
Risks and Recovery Process
As with any surgical procedure, minimally invasive bypass also carries some risks. Although these are generally lower compared to the traditional method, they may include:
Bleeding or hematoma formation
Temporary arrhythmias
Rarely, the need to switch to the traditional method during the procedure
Shortness of breath or fatigue after surgery
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, since this method involves smaller incisions, the risks of infection, blood loss, and recovery time are lower compared to the traditional approach. However, its suitability must be determined by a doctor for each individual patient.
No. In the minimally invasive bypass method, the breastbone is not cut; the surgery is performed by accessing the heart through the spaces between the ribs. This results in less pain and allows for faster bone healing.
After a minimally invasive bypass surgery, patients can generally return to light work or home activities within 2–3 weeks. For physically demanding jobs, doctor approval should be awaited.
No. The minimally invasive method is generally preferred for blockages in one or two vessels. In cases of widespread vascular disease or additional heart conditions, the traditional method may be more appropriate.
The incisions made during the surgery are typically between 5–7 cm and located on the side of the chest. The scar fades over time and, for most patients, does not result in an aesthetically disturbing appearance.