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Chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, quick exhaustion, and heart palpitations are the most common symptoms. For a definitive diagnosis, stress tests, angiography, and other examinations are required.
Genetic predisposition, prolonged standing, inactivity, obesity, and pregnancy are factors that contribute to the development of varicose veins.
No, it usually feels like a mild sting similar to a mosquito bite. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia in a clinical setting.
Yes, if applied correctly, the vein closes and does not reopen. However, new varicose veins may develop, so follow-up is important.
No, in some cases, stent placement or medication therapy may be sufficient. Bypass surgery is recommended only if the arteries are severely blocked.
It is a minimally invasive surgery performed through a smaller incision without fully opening the chest. The recovery time is shorter.
A healthy vessel taken from the body is grafted in place of the blocked or narrowed artery to restore blood flow.
It is usually silent. Sometimes it is noticed by abdominal pain or a pulsating mass. Diagnosis is made by ultrasound or tomography.
Yes, they should be worn in the morning and taken off in the evening. Regular use improves treatment success.
Patients with end-stage heart failure who do not respond to all other treatments are candidates for heart transplantation.